Although the greeks were intrepid explorers, contact was also initiated from outside, with phoenician westward. The direct translation is health what is the legal drinking age of germany. Characteristics of culture there is a certain confusion about. Ethnicity, nationalism and changing identity in europe. What are the keys to understanding cultural and ethnic identities. Hall chicago, university of chicago press, 2002 312pp.
Numerous dimensions of modem social and cultural change, notably state building along with war and colonialism, individualism, and the integration of largescale webs of indirect relationships also serve to make both nationalism and ethnicity salient. Between ethnicity and culture, hall the chicago distribution center will reopen for order fulfillment on april. On balance, ethnicity is the outcome of subjective per ceptions based on some objective characteristics such as physical attrib utes, presumed ancestry, culture, or national origin. Hall explores these questions in the context of ancient greece, drawing on an exceptionally wide range of evidence to determine when, how, why, and to what extent the greeks.
Ethnicity and political pluralism in kenya shilaho westen kwatemba shilaho kwatemba is a phd candidate in the political studies department, university of the witwatersrand, johannesburg email. Unesco eolss sample chapters culture, civilization and human society vol. Various ethnicities could apply their own ethnonyms or toponyms to. In todays cosmopolitan world, ethnic and national identity has assumed an everincreasing importance. Whats the difference between race, ethnicity, and culture. But to perceive the radical shift of all spatial scales and the corresponding organizational forms of social. If you wish to distribute this article to others, you can order highquality copies for your following the guidelines here. The concept of ethnicity is related to the greek concept of ethnos, which refers to the people of a nation or tribe, and ethnikos. It is divided into nine regions namely macedonia, central greece, peloponnese, thessaly, epirus, aegean islands, thrace, cretan sea, and the mediterranean sea. Ethnicity has been a major subject in the social sciences for the past several decades. Ethnicity the concept of ethnicity is also associated with. The greeks or hellenes are an ethnic group native to greece, cyprus, albania, italy, turkey.
D these days ethnicity is much talked issues in the contemporary world, especially in the third world, so called underdeveloped countries by developed western countries. Symbolic and changeable social construction learned and performed reinforced and. Ethnicity hispanic a person of mexican, puerto rican, cuban, central or south american, or other spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. An example would be the difference between japanese and asians. As mentioned in chapter 1, this book uses the broad definition of ethnic group, which in. The importance of ethnicity has become more visible also in other parts of the world. Jul 31, 2006 culture is the way of life of a person it does not necessarily have anything to do with race. Rather, it is intended to mean that persons who include themselves in an ethnicity would have a relation to a group who. Greek is the main ethnic group consisting of 98% of the population. Chapter overview and specific details of various racial.
First appearing in the oxford english dictionary in 1972, it has recently become a source of debate in the field of political economy, where many scholars have investigated the relationship between. Pages in category encyclopedias of culture and ethnicity the following 37 pages are in this category, out of 37 total. Ethnicity also matters in places with a history of discrimination by one ethnic group against another. West offers the following naturalizing image as his only. Hybridism amongst second generation greek migrants academic. In addition to the greater importance attributed to ethnicity, minority group members, especially blacks and mexicanamericans, show greater ethnic identity search than. To do so, we propose new indices of the degree of overlap between ethnicity and culture, derived from a simple model of social antagonism. Numerous dimensions of modem social and cultural change, notably state building along with war and colonialism, individualism, and the integration of largescale webs of indirect relationships also serve to. What kind of framework is shown as mentioned in clup vol 2. First appearing in the oxford english dictionary in 1972, it has recently become a source of debate in the field of political economy, where many scholars have investigated the relationship between ethnicity and civil war, growth, institutions.
Learning objectives students will 6 understand the influence of history, geography, religion, gender, race, ethnicity, and other factors on. But how is this identity formed, and how does it change. Perceptions of ethnicity and the challenges ethnic categories in imperial periods. Theory and facts this copy is for your personal, noncommercial use only. Cypriot archaeologys advancement from the 19th century until the present day and the sociopolitical developments during the same. Defining culture and communication by amy zsohar on prezi. The ethnic group to which one belongs has important measurable differences. By the end of the 20th century it was hard to find homogeneous countries in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity, and race. Beth cohen perceptively argues that athenian democratic males created an ethnic selfrepresentation through mixing exotic foreign dress with standard hellenic elements.
Ethnic identity in college students from four ethnic. Hall, and its lessons have stuck with me for the eightodd years since. Hall argues that a subjective sense of hellenic identity emerged in greece much later than is. An ethnic group or ethnicity is a category of people who identify with each other, usually on the basis of presumed similarities such as a common language, ancestry, history, society, culture, nation or social treatment within their residing area. To prepare, read the introduction and 10 of the 20 essays included in lepores book choose 7 essays from ch. Aug 14, 2019 greece, also known as the hellenic republic has a population of approximately 10.
What is the difference between cultural relativism and ethnocentrism. The range and depth of these ongoing processes of spatial recon. Borzas flawed perceptions of the relationship between material culture and greek ethnicity for example, the simple fact that there is no essence greek material culture to which we can compare macedonian material culture can be illustrated by the fact that he appears to believe that the notion that. In todays cosmopolitan world, ethnic and national identity has assumed an ever increasing importance. Action 6 recognising and valuing traveller culture and ethnicity action 7 we are more than a single story. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. I foundations and characteristics of culture peter horn encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Multiculturalism became the way to view and form nationhood in the western world, as it was manifested in the u. Problemsviewing ethnicity as mutually exclusive categories suffers the same problem as race. This book is a study of the variable perceptions of greek collective identity, discussing ancient categories such as blood and mythicallyrelated primordiality, language, religion, and culture. Han, manchu, mongolian, tibetan and hui muslim quote by sun yatsen next slide ethnicity in prc. It is borrowed from the greek name ionia, a once greek region of asia minor. It may not be very descriptive of all group members ethnicity may not be as useful for prediction as other considerations.
Eye contact and gestures proxemics nonverbal communication accents chronemics haptics what are the positives and negatives of this social identity theory why does difference matter so much. Herodotus thus illustrates a tension between ethnicity based on genealogy and ethnicity based on culture or nomos. Building a culture of equality in our society a citizenship education resource for transition year and key stage 4. Multiracial and biracial identity national origin race can be based on. Ethnicity the concept of ethnicity is also associated with culture and is often used interchangeably with culture as well as with race. Instead, it will be suggested that a version of or a derivation of the. Culture, ethnicity, and race in the medical field learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. In some countries, a 18 or 116 rule was established to properly determine the racial identity of individuals born from miscegenation.
Hall, professor of ancient greek history jonathan m hall university of chicago press, may 15, 2002 history 312 pages. Ethnicity ethnicity is a source of pride to people, a link to the experiences of ancestors and to cultural traditions. The sense of a common ethnicity remains a major focus of identification for individuals even today. Gender, race and ethnicity in the nordic region explores ways of thinking about the relationship between the welfare state and its gendered and racialised others. The subjective allegiance and loyalty to a group large or small, socially. With the possible exception of deathrelated rituals, foodways are the only genre of custom that herodotus covers in substantial detail for every society which he describes at length, and they are an important component of ethnicity and identity in both his explicitly ethnographical logoi and his narrative generally. Apr 18, 2012 perceptions of ethnicity and the challenges ethnic categories in imperial periods. Empirically there is a good deal of evidence supporting a relationship between slavery and ethnic diversity. Hall explores these questions in the context of ancient greece, drawing on an exceptionally wide range of evidence to determine when, how, why, and to what extent the greeks conceived themselves as a single people. Past ethnic groups and modern politics in the eastern mediterranean. Spirituality provides a sense of wholeness and harmony. Eastern yi, western rong, northern di, and southern man ethnicity in the republican period.
How has american identity been defined and challenged. The emphasis on culture as the point of departure for our understanding of the nature of ethnicity is not intended to mean that members of an ethnic group must always share one and the same culture to the exclusion of any other. This chapter considers ethnic visual distinctions between self and other. Ethnicity is often used synonymously with the term nation, particularly in cases of ethnic nationalism, and is separate from but related to the. Critics argue that this perspective assumes that social integration is a shared goal and that members of the minority group are willing to assume the dominant groups identity and culture, assuming that the dominant culture is the one and only preferred culture myers 2005. Culture is the way of life of a person it does not necessarily have anything to do with race. The emergence of the european union as a supranational state and the arrival of. Does culture refer only to the race and ethnicity of an. An ethnic group is usually more specific than a race. The greek genocide and population exchange between greece and turkey nearly ended. Although the term ethnicity is recent, the sense of kinship, group solidarity, and common culture to which it refers is as old as the historical record. Difference between spirituality and religion all humans have a spiritual dimension, which is the potential to strive toward unity and a higher consciousness to locate meaning and purpose in life. Personal identity as well as cultural identity ethnic identity always materialise in relation to somebody else.
This is often characterized as a voluntary process. But how is this identity formed, and how does it change over time. What are the keys to understanding cultural and ethni. Janice hocker rushing 1983 has argued, for example, that an enduring myth in u. Study 23 terms culture and ethnicity, spiritual health. Usually, ethnicity is used in reference to groups that are characterized in terms of a common nationality, culture, or language. Our findings of a strong relationship between selfesteem and ethnic identity variables for minority group members further validate ethnicity as an important identity issue. It may not be very descriptive of all group members ethnicity may not be as useful for prediction as other considerations need to find aspects that can be measured on a continuum rather than in categories 2. Course description language, religion, region and nation have been features of european identity for centuries. In spite of this, ethnicity could still carry some information about cultural values. Apr 23, 2014 anthony cheng rated it it was amazing. I had the privilege of taking the class that this book was based on or viceversa with prof. Ethnicity is kind of like a mix of both it usually refers to the race, nationality, and culture of a person. Instead, it will be suggested that a version of or a derivation of the idea of social capital is more promising.
Far from being a convenient prop upon which to base essentialized notions of. Ethnicity, nationalism and changing identity in europe a. Religion language ethnic identity conceptualization. With less emphasis on dichotomies between greeks and others, the book considers complex middle grounds of intrahellenic perceptions, oppositional identities, and outsiders views. To do so, we propose new indices of the degree of overlap between ethnicity and culture, derived from a. Consider identity in reference to class, culture, economics, ethnicity, gender, geography, ideas, politics, race, religion, and values. According to his schema, mobile or migrant groups may attain a distinctive identity in a new environ ment. Herodotus attributed much significance to the subjects of food and foodways. The article will show that this expectation cannot be ful. Ethnic communities have been present in every period and on every continent, and have played an important role in all societies.
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